![]() The camera recordings were evaluated according to the NIPS and the COMFORTneo scale. The procedure of heel lance was recorded on camera. Nesting positions were given using linen or towels. The sample comprised 33 premature neonates with gestational age of 31–35 weeks who had been hospitalized in the NICU. The aim of the this study was to assess the pain, stress, comfort and salivary cortisol and melatonin values in nesting positions during the heel lance procedure in premature infants at the NICU.Įxperimental research repeated measurement design. The effectiveness of nesting positions is questioned. Nesting positions are commonly used in procedural analgesic administration in premature neonates. ![]() Data from three generations of women illustrate the intergenerational transmission of disordered eating within families, specific communication variables that may propagate this relationship, and possible cohort and age effects within the sample. However, a number of indirect effects were observed through maternal commentary and maternal modeling, including an indirect effect of grandmothers’ reports of maternal communication on their granddaughters’ disordered eating. Results revealed that only mothers’ and daughters’ reports of disordered eating were related, but not grandmothers’ and mothers’ nor grandmothers’ and daughters’. ![]() A sample of 242 grandmother–mother–daughter triads provided self-reports of their own disordered eating and perceptions of their mothers’ weight-related behaviors. The current study explored disordered eating (i.e., dieting, bulimia and food preoccupation, and oral control) among grandmothers, their daughters, and their granddaughters, and also explored specific direct (i.e., maternal commentary) and indirect (i.e., maternal modeling) communication behaviors as mechanisms by which disordered eating is intergenerationally transmitted. Future research needs are outlined, including female-specific drug treatment and more effective contraceptive technology for both men and women. Trends in permanency planning for the children of HIV-infected women are described. The Special Prenatal Care Program at Bellevue Hospital is described to show the level of resource commitment that is needed as well as the nearly universal acceptance of voluntary HIV counseling and testing in these conditions. To do this, they need ongoing, multidisciplinary counseling and support, with recognition that progress may be intermittent and slow. Pregnancy is often a time when women are motivated to make major positive behavioral and life-style changes. The medical care of pregnant HIV-infected women must take into account the high prevalence of substance abuse, preceded and often accompanied by significant levels of physical, emotional, and sexual trauma, and the concomitant stigmatization of these women in their families and communities. Women now account for 18% of the total number of cases of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), compared with 9% a decade ago. The incidence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is increasing among women of childbearing age.
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